National Agricultural Imagery Program (1-meter resolution)
Identification_Information:
Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator:USDA-FSA Aerial Photography Field Office
Publication_Date:20041228
Title:
National Agricultural Imagery Program (1-meter resolution)
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form:remote-sensing image
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place:Salt Lake City, Utah
Publisher:USDA FSA Aerial Photography Field Office
Online_Linkage: https://www.pasda.psu.edu/data/naip/
Description:
Abstract: 
This data set contains imagery from the National Agriculture
Imagery Program (NAIP). Funding for upgrading the resolution and scope of the NAIP data in Pennsylvania was provided by 
DCNR Bureau of Forestry and OA Bureau of Geospatial Technologies.  This imagery is 1-meter resolution color 
infra-red (CIR) imagery captured during leaf-on conditions primarily
between June and August of 2004 though conditions necessitated
 NAIP acquires digital ortho imagery
during the agricultural growing seasons in the continental U.S.
A primary goal of the NAIP program is to enable availability of
ortho imagery within one year of acquisition. NAIP provides two
main products: 1 meter ground sample distance (GSD) ortho
imagery rectified to a horizontal accuracy of within +/- 3
meters of reference digital ortho quarter quads (DOQQ's) from
the National Digital Ortho Program (NDOP); and, 2 meter GSD
ortho imagery rectified to within +/- 10 meters of reference
DOQQs.  The tiling format of NAIP imagery is based on a 3.75'
x 3.75' quarter quadrangle with a 300 meter buffer on all four
sides.  NAIP quarter quads are formatted to the UTM coordinate
system using NAD83.  NAIP imagery may contain as much as 10%
cloud cover per tile.

This file was generated by compressing NAIP quarter quadrangle
tiles that cover a county.  MrSID compression, with mosaic
option, was used.  Target values for the compression ratio
are (50:1) and compression levels(9) are used.
Purpose: 
NAIP imagery may be distributed on an interim basis to meet USDA program requirements. The interim product is a compressed county mosaic. Users should be aware that the interim compressed county mosaic may contain defects and have horizontal accuracy less than the specified tolerances. Defective imagery may be replaced within one year of image acquisition date.
Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date:20040612, 20040823
Currentness_Reference: 
Majority years of Photography Dates.
Status:
Progress:Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency:Irregular
Spatial_Domain:
Bounding_Coordinates:
West_Bounding_Coordinate:-80.65
East_Bounding_Coordinate:-74.58
North_Bounding_Coordinate:42.40
South_Bounding_Coordinate:39.55
Keywords:
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus:ISO 19115 Topic Categories
Theme_Keyword:Digital Georectified Image
Theme_Keyword:Mosaic
Theme_Keyword:Georeferenced Image
Theme_Keyword:Quarter Quadrangle Centered
Theme_Keyword:Georectification
Theme_Keyword:compression
Theme_Keyword:MrSID
Theme_Keyword:NAIP
Theme_Keyword:Compliance
Theme_Keyword:Aerial Compliance
Theme_Keyword:Farming
Theme_Keyword:Imagery/Base Maps/Earth Cover
Place:
Place_Keyword_Thesaurus:Geographic Names Information System
Place_Keyword:Pennsylvania
Place_Keyword:USDA
Place_Keyword:FSA
Access_Constraints:None
Use_Constraints: 
Users should be aware that this is an interim release.  The
interim compressed county mosaic may contain defects and have
horizontal accuracy less than the specified tolerances.
Defective imagery may be replaced within one year of image
acquisition date.
Point_of_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization:USDA-FSA Aerial Photography Field Office
Contact_Address:
Address_Type:mailing and physical address
Address: 
2222 West 2300 South
City:Salt Lake City
State_or_Province:Utah
Postal_Code:84119-2020
Country:USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone:801-973-3500
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone:801-975-3529
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Data_Quality_Information:
Logical_Consistency_Report: 
NAIP 3.75 minute tile file names are based
on the USGS quadrangle naming convention.
Completeness_Report: 
None
Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: 
FSA Digital Orthophoto Specs.
Vertical_Positional_Accuracy:
Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: 
N/A  2d only
Lineage:
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator:Aerial Photography Field Office
Publication_Date:20041228
Title:
naip_1-1_1c_s_pa_001_2004_1
Source_Scale_Denominator:40000
Type_of_Source_Media:CD
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date:20040612, 20040823
Source_Currentness_Reference:
Majority Aerial Photography Date
Source_Citation_Abbreviation:
MrSID compressed image
Source_Contribution: 
Mosaicked County Image
Process_Step:
Process_Description: 
The production procedures for mosaicking digital orthophoto quadrangles into orthoimages can vary according to the work project area.  The following steps apply to the mosaicking process in general.  Image Tone Adjustment - The area of coverage that images are attched within are individual counties.  Image tone adjustment is performed for two primary reasons:  1.  To produce a well contrasted image so that users are not required to adjust the tone upon display or to create an enhancement lookup table upon delivery. 2.  To reduce visible tone differences between mosaic seam lines. Methods of Image tone adjustment: Manual Contrast Adjustment -  Each input digital orthophoto quadrangle image is viewed and, if necessary, the contrast and brightness is adjusted. Automatic Contrast Adjustment - Each input digital orthophoto quadrangle within a county is also run through an automatic tone or range adjustment that drives all input images toward a common value.  The intention is to reduce vignetting and "hot spots" from the source photography, and to minimize tone differences along mosaic seam lines. Seam Feathering - Tone adjustment between input digital orthophoto quadrangles is adjusted along a gradation a specified distance out from the seam line.  This smoothes or feathers abrupt tone differences which would otherwise highlight seam lines. Defining Mosaic Seam Lines - Input digital orthophoto quadrangles are displayed pairwise so the operator can decide where, within the overedge area, to place the seam lines.  In general, the goal is to reduce visible seam lines due to differences in source photography. Specifically, the goal is to: 1) Present single contiguous      agricultural fields as though they are from a single date of source photography.  2) To minimize the visible effects of geometric misalignments between digital orthophoto quadrangles, such as an offset in linear field boundaries where adjoining digital orthophoto quadrangles meet.       The operator continually emulates image tone differences and geometric misalignments between adjoining digital orthophoto quadrangles and interactively places the seam where both are minimized.  Digital orthophoto quadrangles are edge matched, or seamed, across county boundaries. Mosaic Generation -  Image 7.5 minute quad tiles are either generated individually and sequentially as work progresses through a project, or cut out from a larger mosaic after it is generated.  Since the imagery is being resampled to the same coordinate system, nearest neighbor resampling is used. Rules for Seam Line Placement: 1. Misalignments less than 3 meters with same photography dates. - No Restrictions on seam line placement. 2. Misalignments less than 3 meters with different photography dates. - Place seam in non-agricultural areas such as roadway easements, waterways etc.. - Place seam in same apparent landcover type or conditions in agricultural areas such as pastures, fallow fields or cropped fields.  3. Misalignments greater than 3 meters with same photography dates. - If possible, avoid crossing linear features in agricultural areas with seam line. 4. Misalignments greater than 3 meters with different photography dates. - If possible, avoid crossing linear features in  agricultural areas with seam line. - Place seam in non-agricultural areas such as roadway easements, waterways etc.. - Place seam in same apparent landcover type or conditions in agricultural areas such as pastures, fallow fields or cropped fields.
Process_Date:20041228
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Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
Indirect_Spatial_Reference_Method:
DOQQ
Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method:Raster
Raster_Object_Information:
Raster_Object_Type:Pixel
Row_Count:49657
Column_Count:49745
Vertical_Count:1
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Spatial_Reference_Information:
Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
Planar:
Grid_Coordinate_System:
Grid_Coordinate_System_Name:Universal Transverse Mercator
Universal_Transverse_Mercator:
UTM_Zone_Number:18
Transverse_Mercator:
Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian:0.999600
Longitude_of_Central_Meridian:-75.000000
Latitude_of_Projection_Origin:0.000000
False_Easting:500000.000000
False_Northing:0.000000
Planar_Coordinate_Information:
Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method:row and column
Coordinate_Representation:
Abscissa_Resolution:1.000000
Ordinate_Resolution:1.000000
Planar_Distance_Units:meters
Geodetic_Model:
Horizontal_Datum_Name:North American Datum of 1983
Ellipsoid_Name:Geodetic Reference System 80
Semi-major_Axis:6378137.000000
Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio:298.257222
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Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
Detailed_Description:
Entity_Type:
Entity_Type_Label:Band_1
Attribute:
Attribute_Label:ObjectID
Attribute_Definition: 
Internal feature number.
Attribute_Definition_Source: 
ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain:
Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label:Value
Attribute:
Attribute_Label:Count
Detailed_Description:
Entity_Type:
Entity_Type_Label:Band_2
Attribute:
Attribute_Label:ObjectID
Attribute_Definition: 
Internal feature number.
Attribute_Definition_Source: 
ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain:
Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label:Value
Attribute:
Attribute_Label:Count
Detailed_Description:
Entity_Type:
Entity_Type_Label:Band_3
Attribute:
Attribute_Label:ObjectID
Attribute_Definition: 
Internal feature number.
Attribute_Definition_Source: 
ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain:
Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label:Value
Attribute:
Attribute_Label:Count
Overview_Description:
Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: 
24-bit pixels, 3 band color (RGB) represent brightness values 0 - 255
Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: 
None
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Distribution_Information:
Distributor:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person:Supervisor Sales Services Branch
Contact_Organization:USDA-FSA Aerial Photography Field Office
Contact_Address:
Address_Type:mailing and physical address
Address: 
2222 West 2300 South
City:Salt Lake City
State_or_Province:Utah
Postal_Code:84119-2020
Country:USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone:801-975-3500
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone:801-975-3529
Resource_Description:downloadabledata
Distribution_Liability: 
In no event shall the creators, custodians, or distributors of this
information be liable for any damages arising out of its use
(or the inability to use it).
Standard_Order_Process:
Digital_Form:
Digital_Transfer_Information:
Format_Name:Compressed County Mosaic
Format_Information_Content: 
MrSID
Transfer_Size:131.674
Digital_Transfer_Option:
Online_Option:
Computer_Contact_Information:
Network_Address:
Network_Resource_Name: None
Offline_Option:
Offline_Media:CD-ROM
Recording_Format:ISO 9660
Fees:Contact the Aerial Photography Field Office for more information
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Distribution_Information:
Distributor:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization:Pennsylvania Spatial Data Access (PASDA)
Contact_Address:
Address_Type:mailing address
Address: 
Land and Water Building
City:University Park
State_or_Province:PA
Postal_Code:16802
Country:USA
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address:pasda@psu.edu
Distribution_Liability: 
The USER shall indemnify, save harmless, and, if requested, defend those parties involved with the development and distribution of this data, their officers, agents, and employees from and against any suits, claims, or actions for injury, death, or property damage arising out of the use of or any defect in the FILES or any accompanying documentation. Those parties involved with the development and distribution excluded any and all implied warranties, including warranties or merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose and makes no warranty or representation, either express or implied, with respect to the FILES or accompanying documentation, including its quality, performance, merchantability, or fitness for a particular purpose. The FILES and documentation are provided "as is" and the USER assumes the entire risk as to its quality and performance. Those parties involved with the development and distribution of this data will not be liable for any direct, indirect, special, incidental, or consequential damages arising out of the use or inability to use the FILES or any accompanying documentation.
Standard_Order_Process:
Digital_Form:
Digital_Transfer_Information:
Fees:none
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Metadata_Reference_Information:
Metadata_Date:20050315
Metadata_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization:USDA-FSA Aerial Photography Field Office
Contact_Address:
Address_Type:mailing and physical address
Address: 
2222 West 2300 South
City:Salt Lake City
State_or_Province:Utah
Postal_Code:84119-2020
Country:USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone:801-975-3500
Metadata_Standard_Name:FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata
Metadata_Standard_Version:FGDC-STD-001-1998
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