National Agricultural Imagery Program (1-meter resolution) 2017


Identification_Information:
Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator:USDA-FSA Aerial Photography Field Office
Publication_Date:2017
Title:
National Agricultural Imagery Program (1-meter resolution) 2017
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form:raster digital data
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place:Salt Lake City, Utah
Publisher:USDA FSA Aerial Photography Field Office
Online_Linkage: http://www.pasda.psu.edu/data/naip/
Description:
Abstract:
This data set contains imagery from the National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP). The NAIP acquires digital ortho imagery during the agricultural growing seasons in the continental U.S.. A primary goal of the NAIP program is to enable availability of ortho imagery within one year of acquisition. The NAIP provides two main products: 1 meter ground sample distance (GSD) ortho imagery rectified to a horizontal accuracy within +/- 5 meters of reference digital ortho quarter quads (DOQQ's) from the National Digital Ortho Program (NDOP) or from the National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP); 1 meter GSD ortho imagery rectified within +/- 6 meters to true ground. The tiling format of NAIP imagery is based on a 3.75' x 3.75' quarter quadrangle with a 300 meter buffer on all four sides. The NAIP imagery is formatted to the UTM coordinate system using the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD83). The NAIP imagery may contain as much as 10% cloud cover per tile. This file was generated by compressing NAIP imagery that cover the county extent. Two types of compression may be used for NAIP imagery: MrSID and JPEG 2000. Target value for the compression ratio is (15:1).
Purpose:
The NAIP imagery is available for distribution within 60 days of the end of a flying season and is intended to provide current information of agricultural conditions in support of USDA farm programs. For USDA Farm Service Agency, the 1 meter GSD product provides an ortho image base for Common Land Unit boundaries and other data sets. The NAIP imagery is generally acquired in projects covering full states in cooperation with state government and other federal agencies who use the imagery for a variety of purposes including land use planning and natural resource assessment. The NAIP is also used for disaster response often providing the most current pre-event imagery.
Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date:2017
Currentness_Reference:
Photography Source Image Dates.
Status:
Progress:Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency:Irregular
Spatial_Domain:
Bounding_Coordinates:
West_Bounding_Coordinate:-77.519400
East_Bounding_Coordinate:-76.925107
North_Bounding_Coordinate:40.132201
South_Bounding_Coordinate:39.673934
Keywords:
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus:ISO 19115 Topic Categories
Theme_Keyword:farming
Theme_Keyword:Digital Ortho rectified Image
Theme_Keyword:Mosaic
Theme_Keyword:Quarter Quadrangle Centered
Theme_Keyword:Ortho Rectification
Theme_Keyword:Compression
Theme_Keyword:MrSID
Theme_Keyword:JPEG 2000
Theme_Keyword:NAIP
Theme_Keyword:Compliance
Theme_Keyword:Aerial Compliance
Theme_Keyword:Imagery/Base Maps/Earth Cover
Place:
Place_Keyword_Thesaurus:Geographic Names Information System
Place_Keyword:PA
Access_Constraints:None
Use_Constraints:
None, The USDA-FSA Aerial Photography Field Office asks to
be credited in derived products.
If defects are found in the NAIP imagery during the warranty
period such as horizontal offsets, replacement imagery may be
provided. Imagery containing defects that require the
acquisition of new imagery, such as excessive cloud cover,
specular reflectance, etc., will not be replaced within a
NAIP project year.
Point_of_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization:USDA-FSA Aerial Photography Field Office
Contact_Address:
Address_Type:mailing and physical address
Address:
2222 West 2300 South
City:Salt Lake City
State_or_Province:Utah
Postal_Code:84119-2020
Country:USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone:801-844-2922
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone:801-956-3653
Browse_Graphic:
Browse_Graphic_File_Name: None
Browse_Graphic_File_Description:
None
Browse_Graphic_File_Type:None
Native_Data_Set_Environment:
Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 3; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.2.6.1500
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Data_Quality_Information:
Logical_Consistency_Report:
NAIP 3.75 minute tile file names are based
on the USGS quadrangle naming convention.
Completeness_Report:
None
Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:
FSA Digital Orthophoto Specifications.
Vertical_Positional_Accuracy:
Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report:
N/A  2d only
Lineage:
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator:USDA-FSA Aerial Photography Field Office
Publication_Date:2017
Title:
PA
Source_Scale_Denominator:12000
Type_of_Source_Media:CD/DVD
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date:2017
Source_Currentness_Reference:
Majority Aerial Photography Date
Source_Citation_Abbreviation:
MrSID / JPEG2000 compressed image.
Source_Contribution:
Mosaicked County Image
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
The imagery was collected using ADS40-SH51 and ADS40-SH52 digital sensors.
Collection was performed using a combination of twin-engine aircraft flying
at an average flying height of 17,500 and 27,000 ft above mean terrain with 23% sidelap,
giving the collected data nominal ground sampling distance of 0.55 and 0.85 meters.
Based-upon the CCD Array configuration present in the ADS40 digital sensor,
imagery for each flight line is 12,000-pixels in width.  Red, Green, Blue,
Near-Infrared and Panchromatic image bands were collected.

Collected data was downloaded to portable hard drives and shipped to the processing
facility daily.  Raw flight data was extracted from external data drives using GPro
software. Airborne GPS / IMU data was post-processed using IPAS, PosPac and/or TerraPos
software and reviewed to ensure sufficient accuracy for project requirements.

Using GPro and Pictovera software, planar rectified images were generated from the collected data
for use in image quality review.  The planar rectified images were generated at five meter
resolution using a two standard deviation histogram stretch.  Factors considered during
this review included but were not limited to the presence of smoke and/or cloud cover,
contrails, light conditions, sun glint and any sensor or hardware-related issues that
potentially could result in faulty data.  When necessary, image strips identified as not
meeting image quality specifications were re-flown to obtain suitable imagery.

Aerotriangulation blocks were defined primarily by order of acquisition and consisted of
four to seventeen strips.  Image tie points providing the observations for the least
squares bundle adjustment were selected from the images using an autocorrelation algorithm.
Photogrammetric control points consisted of photo identifiable control points, collected
using GPS field survey techniques.  The control points were loaded in to a softcopy workstation
and measured in the acquired image strips.  A least squares bundle adjustment of image pass
points, control points and the ABGPS was performed to develop an aerotriangulation solution
for each block using Pictovera software.  Upon final bundle adjustment, the triangulated strips
were ortho-rectified to the USGS NED DEM for the project area.  The images
were re-sampled from the raw resolution of 0.55 meters and 0.85 meters to the required resolution of 1.0 meters.

Positional accuracy was reviewed in the rectified imagery by visually verifying the horizontal
positioning of the known photo-identifiable survey locations using ArcGIS software.

The red, green, blue, and NIR bands were combined to generate a final ortho-rectified image strip.
The ADS40 sensor collects twelve bit image data which requires radiometric adjustment for output
in standard eight bit image channels.  The ortho-rectified image strips were produced with the
full 12 bit data range, allowing radiometric adjustment to 8 bit range to be performed on a strip
by strip basis during the final mosaicking steps.

The imagery was mosaicked using manual seamline generation in Orthovista Seam Editor (OVSE).
The 12 bit data range was adjusted for display in standard eight bit image channels by defining
a piecewise histogram stretch using OrthoVista software.  A constant stretch was defined for
each image collection period, and then strip by strip adjustments were made as needed to account
for changes in sun angle and azimuth during the collection period.  Strip adjustments were also
made to match the strips histograms as closely as possible to APFO specified histogram metrics and
color balance requirements.  Automated balancing algorithms were applied to account for bi-directional
reflectance as a final step before the conversion to 8 bit data range.

APFO specified DOQQs were extracted from the final mosaic in GeoTIFF format.  4-Band DOQQs were
produced and 3-Band RGB CCMs were created.  DOQQs corresponding to an individual CCM were
reviewed for overall color balance within the CCM.  Local corrections were made where necessary
to ensure uniformity within the CCM.  In the case of DOQQs occurring in more than one CCM,
a separate version of the image was generated and balanced for each CCM it occurred in.
The color balanced DOQQs were then compressed to MrSID Generation 3 format at 15:1 compression ratio
to create a composite CCM.
Process_Date:2017
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Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
Indirect_Spatial_Reference_Method:
PA
Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method:Raster
Raster_Object_Information:
Raster_Object_Type:Pixel
Row_Count:49667
Column_Count:49602
Vertical_Count:1
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Spatial_Reference_Information:
Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
Planar:
Grid_Coordinate_System:
Grid_Coordinate_System_Name:Universal Transverse Mercator
Universal_Transverse_Mercator:
UTM_Zone_Number:18
Transverse_Mercator:
Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian:0.999600
Longitude_of_Central_Meridian:-75.000000
Latitude_of_Projection_Origin:0.000000
False_Easting:500000.000000
False_Northing:0.000000
Planar_Coordinate_Information:
Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method:row and column
Coordinate_Representation:
Abscissa_Resolution:1.000000
Ordinate_Resolution:1.000000
Planar_Distance_Units:meters
Geodetic_Model:
Horizontal_Datum_Name:North American Datum of 1983
Ellipsoid_Name:Geodetic Reference System 80
Semi-major_Axis:6378137.000000
Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio:298.257222
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Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
Overview_Description:
Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
24 bit pixels, 3 band color (RGB) represent brightness values 0-255.
Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation:
None
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Distribution_Information:
Distributor:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person:Supervisor Customer Service Section
Contact_Organization:USDA-FSA Aerial Photography Field Office
Contact_Address:
Address_Type:mailing and physical address
Address:
2222 West 2300 South
City:Salt Lake City
State_or_Province:Utah
Postal_Code:84119-2020
Country:USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone:801-844-2922
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone:801-956-3653
Resource_Description:Mosaicked County Image for COUNTY, PA
Distribution_Liability:
In no event shall the creators, custodians, or distributors
of this information be liable for any damages arising out
of its use (or the inability to use it).
Standard_Order_Process:
Digital_Form:
Digital_Transfer_Information:
Format_Name:Compressed County Mosaic
Format_Information_Content:
Natural Color
Digital_Transfer_Option:
Online_Option:
Computer_Contact_Information:
Network_Address:
Network_Resource_Name: None
Offline_Option:
Offline_Media:CD-ROM
Recording_Format:ISO 9660
Offline_Option:
Offline_Media:DVD-R
Recording_Format:ISO 9660
Offline_Option:
Offline_Media:USB/Firewire/SATA External Hard Drive
Recording_Format:NTFS
Fees: Contact the USDA-FSA Aerial Photography Field Office for more information.
Available_Time_Period:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date:2017
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Distribution_Information:
Distributor:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization:Pennsylvania Spatial Data Access (PASDA)
Contact_Address:
Address_Type:mailing address
Address:
115 Land and Water Building
City:University Park
State_or_Province:Pennsylvania
Postal_Code:16802
Country:United States
Contact_Voice_Telephone:(814) 865 - 8792
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address:pasda@psu.edu
Distribution_Liability:
The USER shall indemnify, save harmless, and, if requested, defend those parties involved with the development and distribution of this data, their officers, agents, and employees from and against any suits, claims, or actions for injury, death, or property damage arising out of the use of or any defect in the FILES or any accompanying documentation. Those parties involved with the development and distribution excluded any and all implied warranties, including warranties or merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose and makes no warranty or representation, either express or implied, with respect to the FILES or accompanying documentation, including its quality, performance, merchantability, or fitness for a particular purpose. The FILES and documentation are provided "as is" and the USER assumes the entire risk as to its quality and performance. Those parties involved with the development and distribution of this data will not be liable for any direct, indirect, special, incidental, or consequential damages arising out of the use or inability to use the FILES or any accompanying documentation.
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Metadata_Reference_Information:
Metadata_Date:2017
Metadata_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization:USDA-FSA Aerial Photography Field Office
Contact_Address:
Address_Type:mailing and physical address
Address:
2222 West 2300 South
City:Salt Lake City
State_or_Province:Utah
Postal_Code:84119-2020
Country:USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone:801-844-2922
Metadata_Standard_Name:FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata
Metadata_Standard_Version:FGDC-STD-001-1998
Metadata_Time_Convention:local time
Metadata_Extensions:
Online_Linkage:
Profile_Name:ESRI Metadata Profile
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