Hurricanes Major 1851 - 2004

• Identification_Information
• Data_Quality_Information
• Spatial_Data_Organization_Information
• Spatial_Reference_Information
• Entity_and_Attribute_Information
• Distribution_Information
• Distributor 1
• Distribution_Information
• Metadata_Reference_Information

Identification_Information:

Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Tropical Prediction Center/National Hurricane Center

Publication_Date:200509

Title:

Hurricanes Major 1851 - 2004

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form:vector digital data

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place:Reston, VA

Publisher:National Atlas of the United States

Online_Linkage: http://nationalatlas.gov/atlasftp.html

Description:

Abstract:

This Historical North Atlantic Hurricane Tracks file of major storms
with landfall in the United States contains the six-hourly (0000, 0600,
1200, 1800 UTC) center locations and intensities for all northern
Atlantic major storms from 1851 through 2004.  Major storms are those
that made landfall in the United States and that were classified on the
Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale as Category 3, 4, or 5 at the time of
landfall.  Landfalling storms are defined as those storms whose center
is reported to have either crossed or passed directly adjacent to the
United States coastline, and which came ashore with tropical storm
intensity or greater (sustained surface winds of 34 knots or 39 miles
per hour or greater).  In 2000, 2001, 2002, and 2003 there were no
major landfalling hurricanes.  This a replacement for the January 2005
map layer distributed as Historical North Atlantic Hurricane Tracks ?
Major Storms with Landfall in the United States, 1851-2003.

Purpose:

These data are intended for geographic display and analysis at the national level, and for large regional areas. The data should be displayed and analyzed at scales appropriate for 1:2,000,000-scale data. No responsibility is assumed by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration or the National Atlas of the United States in the use of these data.

Supplemental_Information:

An ASCII format version of the Historical Atlantic Tropical Cyclone
Tracks file is available at
<http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/tracks1851to2004_atl.txt>.
The ASCII file contains the source information from which the file of
major landfalling storms was drawn.

For more information on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale, please see
<http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/aboutsshs.shtml>.

For more information on tropical cyclone advisories, please see
<http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/HAW2/english/forecast/forecast_products.shtml>.

General information on subtropical and tropical cyclones is available
from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Atlantic 0
Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory, Hurricane Research
Division FAQ page at
<http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/tcfaq/tcfaqHED.html>, and from the
National Hurricane Center Hurricane Basics page at
<http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/HAW2/english/basics.shtml>.

Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Range_of_Dates/Times:

Beginning_Date:18510625

Ending_Date:20041205

Currentness_Reference:

ground condition

Status:

Progress:Complete

Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency:Annually

Spatial_Domain:

Bounding_Coordinates:

West_Bounding_Coordinate:-107.000099

East_Bounding_Coordinate:-15.499925

North_Bounding_Coordinate:60.200047

South_Bounding_Coordinate:8.900000

Keywords:

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus:ISO 19115 Topic Category

Theme_Keyword:ClimatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus:None

Theme_Keyword:Hurricanes

Theme_Keyword:Historical hurricanes

Theme_Keyword:Hurricane tracks

Theme_Keyword:Historical hurricane tracks

Theme_Keyword:Tropical storms

Theme_Keyword:Tropical depressions

Theme_Keyword:Major hurricanes

Theme_Keyword:Intense hurricanes

Theme_Keyword:Tropical storm tracks

Theme_Keyword:Historical tropical cyclone tracks

Theme_Keyword:Tropical cyclones

Place:

Place_Keyword_Thesaurus:None

Place_Keyword:United States

Place_Keyword:Atlantic

Place_Keyword:North Atlantic Basin

Place_Keyword:Gulf of Mexico

Place_Keyword:Caribbean Sea

Place_Keyword:Alabama

Place_Keyword:Alaska

Place_Keyword:Arizona

Place_Keyword:Arkansas

Place_Keyword:California

Place_Keyword:Colorado

Place_Keyword:Connecticut

Place_Keyword:Delaware

Place_Keyword:District of Columbia

Place_Keyword:Florida

Place_Keyword:Georgia

Place_Keyword:Hawaii

Place_Keyword:Idaho

Place_Keyword:Illinois

Place_Keyword:Indiana

Place_Keyword:Iowa

Place_Keyword:Kansas

Place_Keyword:Kentucky

Place_Keyword:Louisiana

Place_Keyword:Maine

Place_Keyword:Maryland

Place_Keyword:Massachusetts

Place_Keyword:Michigan

Place_Keyword:Minnesota

Place_Keyword:Mississippi

Place_Keyword:Missouri

Place_Keyword:Montana

Place_Keyword:Nebraska

Place_Keyword:Nevada

Place_Keyword:New Hampshire

Place_Keyword:New Jersey

Place_Keyword:New Mexico

Place_Keyword:New York

Place_Keyword:North Carolina

Place_Keyword:North Dakota

Place_Keyword:Ohio

Place_Keyword:Oklahoma

Place_Keyword:Oregon

Place_Keyword:Pennsylvania

Place_Keyword:Rhode Island

Place_Keyword:South Carolina

Place_Keyword:South Dakota

Place_Keyword:Tennessee

Place_Keyword:Texas

Place_Keyword:Utah

Place_Keyword:Vermont

Place_Keyword:Virginia

Place_Keyword:Washington

Place_Keyword:West Virginia

Place_Keyword:Wisconsin

Place_Keyword:Wyoming

Place_Keyword:Puerto Rico

Place_Keyword:U.S. Virgin Islands

Access_Constraints:None

Use_Constraints:

None.  Acknowledgement of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration, Tropical Prediction Center/National Hurricane Center and
(or) the National Atlas of the United States of America would be
appreciated in products derived from these data.

Point_of_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization:NOAA Coastal Services Center

Contact_Position:Clearinghouse Manager

Contact_Address:

Address_Type:Mailing and physical address

Address:

2234 South Hobson Avenue

City:Charleston

State_or_Province:SC

Postal_Code:29405-2413

Country:USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone:843-740-1200

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone:843-740-1315

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address:clearinghouse@csc.noaa.gov

Hours_of_Service:Monday - Friday 8:00 AM - 5:00 PM Eastern Time

Native_Data_Set_Environment:

Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 2; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.0.0.535

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Tropical Prediction Center/National Hurricane Center

Publication_Date:200509

Title:

Historical North Atlantic Tropical Cyclone Tracks, 1851-2004

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place:Reston, VA

Publisher:National Atlas of the United States

Online_Linkage: <http://nationalatlas.gov/atlasftp.html>

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Tropical Prediction Center/National Hurricane Center

Publication_Date:200509

Title:

Historical Eastern North Pacific Tropical Cyclone Tracks, 1949-2004

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place:Reston, VA

Publisher:National Atlas of the United States

Online_Linkage: <http://nationalatlas.gov/atlasftp.html>

Data_Quality_Information:

Attribute_Accuracy:

Attribute_Accuracy_Report:

Specific accuracy information can be found in Neumann, C.J., B.R.
Jarvinen, C.J. McAdie and G.R. Hammer, 1999: Tropical Cyclones of the
North Atlantic Ocean, 1871-1999 (fifth revision).  NCDC/NHC Historical
Climatology Series 6-2, pp.11-14.  Similar standards and techniques
were applied to the post-1999 data.

Logical_Consistency_Report:

Over-water portions of storm tracks before 1944 are subject to
considerable uncertainties.  Aircraft reconnaissance of storms near
critical areas was introduced in 1944, and continuous weather satellite
surveillance was introduced in the mid-1960s.  These two developments
mean that more recent storm records have a higher degree of accuracy than
those prior to 1944.  No tests for logical consistency have been
performed on this map layer.

Completeness_Report:

This map layer contains all known Atlantic Basin (Gulf of Mexico,
Caribbean Sea, and North Atlantic Ocean) major hurricanes that made
landfall in the United States and that occurred between 1851 and 2004.
Major landfalling hurricanes are those that were  classified on the
Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale as Category 3, 4, or 5 at the time of
landfall.  In 2000, 2001, 2002, and 2003 there were no major landfalling
hurricanes.

Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:

Over-water portions of storm tracks before 1944 are subject to
considerable uncertainties.  Aircraft reconnaissance of storms near
critical areas was introduced in 1944, and continuous weather
satellite surveillance was introduced in the mid-1960s.  These two
developments allow a high degree of probability that more recent
storm center locations were determined with a reasonable degree of
accuracy.

Lineage:

Source_Information:

Source_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Tropical Prediction Center/National Hurricane Center

Publication_Date:200503

Title:

Atlantic Tracks File 1851-2004

Edition:2004

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form:Table

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place:Miami, FL

Publisher:NOAA Tropical Prediction Center/National Hurricane Center

Online_Linkage: <http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/pastall.shtml>

Type_of_Source_Media:Online

Source_Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Range_of_Dates/Times:

Beginning_Date:1851

Ending_Date:2004

Source_Currentness_Reference:

ground condition

Source_Citation_Abbreviation:

ATL_2004

Source_Contribution:

Spatial and attribute information.

Source_Information:

Source_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator:National Atlas of the United States

Publication_Date:200509

Title:

Historical North Atlantic Tropical Cyclone Tracks, 1851-2004

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place:Reston, VA

Publisher:National Atlas of the United States

Online_Linkage: <http://nationalatlas.gov/atlasftp.html>

Type_of_Source_Media:Online

Source_Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Range_of_Dates/Times:

Beginning_Date:1851

Ending_Date:2004

Source_Currentness_Reference:

Ground condition

Source_Citation_Abbreviation:

Atlas-hurall04

Source_Contribution:

Spatial and attribute information

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

To create Atlas-hurall04 from ATL_2004, historical track information
was downloaded from the National Hurricane Center's Web site.  The
ASCII text file was formatted into an Arc/INFO table using AML.  The
INFO table was then processed into a generate file and an attribute
table that were converted into an attributed cover.

Location points are recorded every six hours.  Each recorded point
was associated with a unique line that extends from that point to the
next recorded point.  Small line segments, approximately 0.0001
degree long, were added to the end of each storm track to retain the
final collection point's information.  In the source data, tracks
that crossed the 0-degree longitude line had negative longitude
values even in the eastern hemisphere.  These longitude values were
converted to the corresponding positive longitude values.

A limit in the processing software will not allow duplicate points,
so where a storm stood still longer than the six-hour collection
interval, the next location point was offset approximately 0.0001
degrees to retain relevant information.

During the process of creating Atlas-hurall04, information on
landfalling storms was extracted to an INFO table.  This information
was joined to Atlas-hurall04 and used to extract landfalling major
hurricanes, which are those that made landfall as category 3 or higher.

The cover was converted into a shapefile and an SDTS-formatted file.

Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:

ATL_2004

Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:

Atlas-hurall04

Process_Date:200509

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Metadata imported.

Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:

C:\DOCUME~1\jfs126\LOCALS~1\Temp\xml7A.tmp

Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:

Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method:Vector

Point_and_Vector_Object_Information:

SDTS_Terms_Description:

SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type:String

Point_and_Vector_Object_Count:4056

Spatial_Reference_Information:

Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:

Geographic:

Latitude_Resolution:0.000001

Longitude_Resolution:0.000001

Geographic_Coordinate_Units:Decimal degrees

Geodetic_Model:

Horizontal_Datum_Name:North American Datum of 1927

Ellipsoid_Name:Clarke 1866

Semi-major_Axis:6378206.400000

Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio:294.978698

Entity_and_Attribute_Information:

Detailed_Description:

Entity_Type:

Entity_Type_Label:hurmjrl020

Entity_Type_Definition:

The path followed by the center of a major landfalling hurricane. A major landfalling hurricane is one that made landfall in the United States and that was classified on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale as a Category 3, 4, or 5 hurricane at the time of landfall. A hurricane is a warm-core tropical cyclone in which the maximum sustained surface wind is 64 knots/74 mph or more. A landfalling storm is defined as a storm whose center is reported to have either crossed or passed directly adjacent to the United States coastline, and which came ashore with tropical storm intensity or greater.

Entity_Type_Definition_Source:

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Tropical Prediction Center/National Hurricane Center

Attribute:

Attribute_Label:FID

Attribute_Definition:

Internal feature number.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

ESRI

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain:

Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.

Attribute:

Attribute_Label:Name

Attribute_Definition:

The given name of a storm.  Storms are named if they are true
tropical storms and attain a sustained wind speed of at least 39 mph.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Tropical Prediction
Center/National Hurricane Center

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Codeset_Domain:

Codeset_Name:World-Wide Tropical Cyclone Names

Codeset_Source:World Meteorological Organization

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value:NOT NAMED

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

There is no given name for the storm.  Prior to 1950 storms were
not named.  Later storms that were not recognized as tropical
storms or hurricanes at the time of their occurrence are also not
named.

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Tropical
Prediction Center/National Hurricane Center

Attribute:

Attribute_Label:FNODE_

Attribute:

Attribute_Label:Pressure

Attribute_Definition:

The measured or estimated barometric pressure at the time of the
advisory, in millibars.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Tropical Prediction
Center/National Hurricane Center

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value:0

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

The barometric pressure is unknown.

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Tropical
Prediction Center/National Hurricane Center

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum:892

Range_Domain_Maximum:1020

Attribute:

Attribute_Label:TNODE_

Attribute:

Attribute_Label:LPOLY_

Attribute:

Attribute_Label:RPOLY_

Attribute:

Attribute_Label:LENGTH

Attribute:

Attribute_Label:HURMJRL020

Attribute:

Attribute_Label:YEAR

Attribute:

Attribute_Label:MONTH

Attribute:

Attribute_Label:DAY

Attribute:

Attribute_Label:BTID

Attribute:

Attribute_Label:NAME

Attribute:

Attribute_Label:Shape

Attribute_Definition:

The representation of the entity in the data.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Atlas of the United States

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value:Polyline

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

1-dimensional element that may or may not surround a 2-
dimensional element.

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:

ESRI GIS software

Attribute:

Attribute_Label:Length

Attribute_Definition:

Length of the line in coverage units.  In the distributed file,
coverage units represent decimal degrees.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Atlas of the United States

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum:0.000

Range_Domain_Maximum:9.708

Attribute:

Attribute_Label:Hurmjrl020

Attribute_Definition:

Internal feature number.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Atlas of the United States

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum:1

Range_Domain_Maximum:4056

Attribute:

Attribute_Label:Year

Attribute_Definition:

The year of the storm advisory, in the format yyyy.  Advisories are
issued for storms that have attained at least tropical depression
status, and are issued every six hours, at 0000, 0600, 1200, and 1800
hours.  Tropical Prediction Center/National Hurricane Center
advisories are discontinued once a storm makes landfall and all storm
warnings are dropped, or when the wind speed drops below 30 knots or
35 mph.  The records for each date are listed in order.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Tropical Prediction
Center/National Hurricane Center

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum:1851

Range_Domain_Maximum:2004

Attribute:

Attribute_Label:Month

Attribute_Definition:

The month of the storm advisory.  Advisories are issued for storms
that have attained at least tropical depression status, and are
issued every six hours, at 0000, 0600, 1200, and 1800 hours.
Tropical Prediction Center/National Hurricane Center advisories are
discontinued once a storm makes landfall and all storm warnings are
dropped, or when the wind speed drops below 30 knots or 35 mph.  The
records for each date are listed in order.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Tropical Prediction
Center/National Hurricane Center

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum:6

Range_Domain_Maximum:10

Attribute:

Attribute_Label:Day

Attribute_Definition:

The day of the storm advisory.  Advisories are issued for storms that
have attained at least tropical depression status, and are issued
every six hours, at 0000, 0600, 1200, and 1800 hours.  Tropical
Prediction Center/National Hurricane Center advisories are
discontinued once a storm makes landfall and all storm warnings are
dropped, or when the wind speed drops below 30 knots or 35 mph.  The
records for each date are listed in order.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Tropical Prediction
Center/National Hurricane Center

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum:1

Range_Domain_Maximum:31

Attribute:

Attribute_Label:Btid

Attribute_Definition:

The unique event identifier.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Tropical Prediction
Center/National Hurricane Center

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum:4

Range_Domain_Maximum:1320

Attribute:

Attribute_Label:Wind_kts

Attribute_Definition:

The measured or estimated wind speed at the time of the advisory, in
whole knots.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Tropical Prediction
Center/National Hurricane Center

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum:15.0

Range_Domain_Maximum:165.0

Attribute:

Attribute_Label:Location

Attribute_Definition:

A code indicating where in the United States the storm made landfall
or impacted a point along the coast, and at what intensity, in the
format HR ST#.  ST is the two-character State abbreviation, or a
location code from the table below, and # is the intensity
classification on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale.  Additional
codes in the string (HR ST# ST#, etc.) indicate the location and
intensity of the storm when it passed back over water or impacted
additional points along the coast with hurricane-force winds.  A
storm may make landfall multiple times.
>
> Code             Location
>--------------------------------------------------------------------
> AFL              NW Florida coast - the Gulf coast down to Tarpon
>                  Springs
> BFL              SW Florida coast - Tarpon Springs to the Keys
> CFL              SE Florida coast - north to Cape Canaveral
> DFL              NE Florida coast - north of Cape Canaveral
> ATX              Southern Texas coast south of Corpus Christi
> BTX              Central Texas coast between Corpus Christi and
>                  Matagorda Bay
> CTX              Northern Texas coast from Matagorda Bay to the
>                  Louisiana state line
>
For example, Hurricane Andrew (1992) has a location code of
HRCFL5BFL4 LA3, which means that Andrew made landfall as a Category
5 hurricane on the southeast coast of Florida, crossed the peninsula
and exited as a Category 4 hurricane on the southwest coast of
Florida, crossed the Gulf of Mexico and then made final landfall on
the Louisiana coast as a Category 3 hurricane.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Tropical Prediction
Center/National Hurricane Center

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain:

There is no predefined set of valid location codes.

Attribute:

Attribute_Label:Category

Attribute_Definition:

The intensity classification of the storm.  Hurricanes are classified
according to the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Tropical Prediction
Center/National Hurricane Center

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value:D

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

The storm was classified as a tropical disturbance at the time of
the advisory.  A tropical disturbance is a discrete tropical
weather system of apparently organized convection (i.e.
thunderstorm activity), which is generally 100 to 300 nautical
miles in diameter.  It originates in the tropics or subtropics,
has a nonfrontal migratory character, and maintains its identity
for 24 hours or more.  It does not necessarily exhibit
circulation, but may develop into a tropical cyclone.

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Tropical
Prediction Center/National Hurricane Center

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value:E

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

The storm was classified as Extratropical at the time of the

advisory.  Extratropical is a term used in advisories and
tropical summaries to indicate that a cyclone has lost its
tropical characteristics.  The term implies both that the cyclone
has moved out of the tropics and that the energy source driving
the storm has changed.  While tropical cyclones derive their
energy from the convection of warm, moist air, extratropical
storms derive their energy from the temperature contrast between
warm and cold air masses.  It is important to note that cyclones
can become extratropical and still retain winds of hurricane or
tropical storm force.

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Tropical
Prediction Center/National Hurricane Center

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value:H1

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

The storm was classified as a Category 1 hurricane at the time of
the advisory.  A Category 1 hurricane is a tropical cyclone with
maximum sustained surface (10 meter) winds of 64 knots/74 mph to
82 knots/95 mph, inclusive.

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Tropical
Prediction Center/National Hurricane Center

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value:H2

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

The storm was classified as a Category 2 hurricane at the time of
the advisory.  A Category 2 hurricane is a tropical cyclone with
maximum sustained surface (10 meter) winds of 83 knots/96 mph to
95 knots/110 mph, inclusive.

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Tropical
Prediction Center/National Hurricane Center

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value:H3

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

The storm was classified as a Category 3 hurricane at the time of
the advisory.  A Category 3 hurricane is a tropical cyclone with
maximum sustained surface (10 meter) winds of 96 knots/111 mph to
113 knots/130 mph, inclusive.

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Tropical
Prediction Center/National Hurricane Center

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value:H4

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

The storm was classified as a Category 4 hurricane at the time of
the advisory.  A Category 4 hurricane is a tropical cyclone with
maximum sustained surface (10 meter) winds of 114 knots/131 mph
to 135 knots/155 mph, inclusive.

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Tropical
Prediction Center/National Hurricane Center

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value:H5

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

The storm was classified as a Category 5 hurricane at the time of
the advisory.  A Category 5 hurricane is a tropical cyclone with
maximum sustained surface (10 meter) winds greater than 135
knots/155 mph.

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Tropical
Prediction Center/National Hurricane Center

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value:L

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

The storm was classified as a tropical low at the time of
the advisory.  A tropical low indicates low pressure at the
surface, but no other characteristics of a tropical cyclone are
present.

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Tropical
Prediction Center/National Hurricane Center

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value:TD

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

The storm was classified as a tropical depression at the time of
the advisory.  A tropical depression is a tropical cyclone with
maximum sustained surface (10 meter) winds of less than 34 knots/
39 mph.

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Tropical
Prediction Center/National Hurricane Center

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value:TS

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

The storm was classified as a tropical storm at the time of the
advisory.  A tropical storm is a tropical cyclone with maximum
sustained surface (10 meter) winds of 34 knots/39 mph to 64
knots/73 mph, inclusive.

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Tropical
Prediction Center/National Hurricane Center

Attribute:

Attribute_Label:WIND_KTS

Attribute:

Attribute_Label:PRESSURE

Attribute:

Attribute_Label:LOCATION

Attribute:

Attribute_Label:WIND_MPH

Attribute:

Attribute_Label:CATEGORY

Distribution_Information:

Distributor:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization:Earth Science Information Center, U.S. Geological Survey

Contact_Address:

Address_Type:Mailing address

Address:

507 National Center

City:Reston

State_or_Province:VA

Postal_Code:20192

Contact_Voice_Telephone:1-888-ASK-USGS (1-888-275-8747)

Contact_Voice_Telephone:703-648-5920

Contact Instructions:

In addition to the address above there are other ESIC offices
throughout the country.  A full list of these offices is at
<http://geography.usgs.gov/esic/esic_index.html>.

Resource_Description:Downloadable Data

Distribution_Liability:

Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system
at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made
by the U.S. Geological Survey regarding the utility of the data on any
other system, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such
warranty.  No responsibility is assumed by the U.S. Geological Survey in
the use of these data.

Standard_Order_Process:

Digital_Form:

Digital_Transfer_Information:

Format_Name:ESRI Shapefile

Transfer_Size:0.340

Digital_Transfer_Option:

Online_Option:

Computer_Contact_Information:

Network_Address:

Network_Resource_Name: <http://nationalatlas.gov/atlasftp.html>

Digital_Form:

Digital_Transfer_Information:

Format_Name:SDTS

Transfer_Size:0.340

Digital_Transfer_Option:

Online_Option:

Computer_Contact_Information:

Network_Address:

Network_Resource_Name: <http://nationalatlas.gov/atlasftp.html>

Fees: There is no charge for the map layer.

Distribution_Information:

Distributor:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization:Pennsylvania Spatial Data Access (PASDA)

Contact_Address:

Address_Type:mailing address

Address:

115 Land and Water Building

City:University Park

State_or_Province:Pennsylvania

Postal_Code:16802

Country:United States

Contact_Voice_Telephone:(814) 865 - 8792

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address:pasda@psu.edu

Resource_Description:downloadabledata

Distribution_Liability:

The USER shall indemnify, save harmless, and, if requested, defend those parties involved with the development and distribution of this data, their officers, agents, and employees from and against any suits, claims, or actions for injury, death, or property damage arising out of the use of or any defect in the FILES or any accompanying documentation. Those parties involved with the development and distribution excluded any and all implied warranties, including warranties or merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose and makes no warranty or representation, either express or implied, with respect to the FILES or accompanying documentation, including its quality, performance, merchantability, or fitness for a particular purpose. The FILES and documentation are provided "as is" and the USER assumes the entire risk as to its quality and performance. Those parties involved with the development and distribution of this data will not be liable for any direct, indirect, special, incidental, or consequential damages arising out of the use or inability to use the FILES or any accompanying documentation.

Metadata_Reference_Information:

Metadata_Date:20080611

Metadata_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person:Peg Rawson

Contact_Organization:National Atlas of the United States

Contact_Address:

Address_Type:Mailing address

Address:

12201 Sunrise Valley Dr

Address:

MS 561

City:Reston

State_or_Province:VA

Postal_Code:20192

Contact_Voice_Telephone:703-648-4183

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address:atlasmail@usgs.gov

Metadata_Standard_Name:FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata

Metadata_Standard_Version:FGDC-STD-001-1998

Metadata_Time_Convention:local time

Metadata_Security_Information:

Metadata_Security_Classification_System:None

Metadata_Security_Classification:Unclassified

Metadata_Security_Handling_Description:

None

Metadata_Extensions:

Online_Linkage:

Profile_Name:ESRI Metadata Profile