Pennsylvania Spatial Data Access

Abstract:

This map layer shows crime statistics for the United States for the
years 2001-2002, drawn from the Uniform Crime Reporting Program data
compiled by the Federal Bureau of Investigation and archived at the
Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research (ICPSR).
Crime data are reported by county and are provided for eight crimes:
murder, forcible rape, robbery, aggravated assault, burglary, larceny,
motor vehicle theft, and arson.  Statewide allocation data are not
included in this map layer.  Crime data are adjusted to compensate for
incomplete reporting by individual law enforcement agencies.  See the
online codebook at

for more information.  This layer is clipped to Pennsylvania

Purpose:

These data are intended for geographic display and analysis at the national level, and for large regional areas. The data should be displayed and analyzed at scales appropriate for 1:2,000,000-scale data. No responsibility is assumed by the Department of Justice, the National Atlas of the United States, or the ICPSR in the use of these data.

Supplemental_Information:

Some of the crime data reported in this file was estimated.  Where
agencies reported for 12 months, the data were included as reported.
Where agencies reported for between three and eleven months, the data
were increased by a weight of (12/months reported).  Where agencies
reported for one or two months, the actual data were not included,
but estimated data for the entire year were calculated based on rates
computed using data from 12-month reporting agencies within the same
geographic stratum (defined by population group) within that State.
Where agencies did not report at all, no estimations were performed.
For New York City in 2001, the total number of murders in the FBI
data files is 3,452, which includes 2,823 victims of the September 11
bombing.  For more information on imputation procedures please see
<http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/cgi-bin/bob/archive2?study=4009&path=NACJD&docsonly=yes>
to access the Codebook for ICPSR Study Number 4009.

For additional information on the Uniform Crime Reporting Program,
please see <http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/NACJD/ucr.html>.

Currentness_Reference:

ground condition

Use_Constraints:

None.  Acknowledgment of the National Atlas of the United States of
America, the ICPSR, and (or) the U.S. Dept. of Justice, Federal Bureau of
Investigation would be appreciated in products derived from these data.

Address:

NACJD, ICPSR

Address:

University of Michigan

Address:

311 Maynard

Logical_Consistency_Report:

No checks for logical consistency were performed on this map layer.  For
information on data imputation procedures used in areas where reporting
was less than 100 percent, please see
<http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/cgi-bin/bob/archive2?study=4009&path=NACJD&docsonly=yes>
to access the Codebook for ICPSR Study Number 4009.

Completeness_Report:

This map layer includes crime statistics for the 50 United States as
collected by the Federal Bureau of Investigation, from reports submitted
by agencies and States participating in the Uniform Crime Reporting
Program.  This is a voluntary program so the data may not include reports
from all law enforcement agencies.  Data collected for a State but not
attributable to a specific county (Statewide allocations) are not
included.  Limited offense data were available for Kentucky, Mississippi,
Montana, and South Dakota.

Source_Contribution:

Crime statistics for 2001

Source_Contribution:

Crime statistics for 2002

Source_Contribution:

Spatial information

Source_Contribution:

Spatial and attribute information

Process_Description:

Comma-delimited text files for individual years, containing selected
attributes, were received from the Bureau of Justice Statistics data
archive (ICPSR) at the University of Michigan.  The text files were
loaded into Access and output in dBASE V format, then loaded into
ArcMap for processing.  State and County FIPS code fields were combined
into one FIPS field and were converted to text.  Attribute names
were modified to conform to the attribute names from previous
years.  The FIPS code for Dade County, FL was changed to match the
new FIPS code for Miami-Dade County, FL.  The dBASE files did not contain
records for Denali, Alaska, so one was added to each file with all values
set to zero.

The county boundaries file was loaded into ArcMAP, joined to the dBASE V
crime files, and the result was exported to a new shapefile.

A query was run on the shapefile to select records for each year where the
coverage index for that year was greater than zero and the crime
population for the same year was zero, resulting in about 20 selections
for each year.  Where the selected records included crime statistics for a
particular year, the arrest population value for that year was substituted
for the zero value in the crime population field.  If the selected records
included no crime statistics for a particular year, the coverage index was
reset to zero.  New fields were added for crime normalized by population.
Queries were run for each year to detect records with missing data
(coverage index was zero, crime population was zero, and all crime
statistics were zero.)  The new fields were populated with the value -9999
for records with no data available (referred to as missing data by NACJD).
For records with data, the values for the new fields were calculated by
dividing the crime population for a particular year into the crime
statistic for that year and then multiplying the result by 100.

Process_Description:

Polygons for Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands were removed, and two line
segments along the Texas/Mexico border were modified to align to ATLAS-
hydro.

Process_Description:

Metadata imported.

Process_Description:

Dataset copied.

Attribute_Definition:

The number of motor vehicle thefts for the year 2002, normalized by the
crime population for the year 2002.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Atlas of the United States

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

No data available

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:

Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research

Attribute_Definition:

The total number of arsons, for the year 2002.  Arson is defined as
unlawfully and intentionally damaging or attempting to damage, real or
personal property, by fire or incendiary device.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Atlas of the United States

Attribute_Definition:

The number of arsons for the year 2002, normalized by the crime population
for the year 2002.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Atlas of the United States

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

No data available

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:

Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research

Attribute_Definition:

Internal feature number.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

ESRI

Attribute_Definition:

Feature geometry.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

ESRI

Attribute_Definition:

The representation of the entity in the data.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Atlas of the United States

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

2-dimensional element.

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:

ESRI GIS software

Attribute_Definition:

The two-character code for the State.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Atlas of the United States

Attribute_Definition:

The name of the county or county equivalent.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Atlas of the United States

Attribute_Definition:

The 5-digit FIPS code indicating the State and county to which the
statistics apply.  The first two digits are the State code, and the
last three digits are the county code.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Atlas of the United States

Attribute_Definition:

The two-digit code for the State.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Atlas of the United States

Attribute_Definition:

The four-digit ICPSR identification number for the study number of the
crimes-reported data, for the year 2001.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Atlas of the United States

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

The Study Number is 3721.

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:

Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research

Attribute_Definition:

The edition of the crimes-reported data, for the year 2001.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Atlas of the United States

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

The source was the first edition of the crimes-reported data.

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:

Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research

Attribute_Definition:

The ICPSR sequential case ID number, for the year 2001.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Atlas of the United States

Attribute_Definition:

The population within the county that is served by the agencies
reporting arrests, for the year 2001.  Populations of jurisdictions
that span county lines are allocated by the FBI to the county that
contains the largest proportion of the jurisdiction's population.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Atlas of the United States

Attribute_Definition:

The population within the county that is served by the agencies that
actually reported crime data, for the year 2001.  If all law
enforcement agencies within a county reported crime data, then this
value will be the same as Pop_arr01.  If some agencies did not report,
then the population served by the non-reporting agencies was not
present in the original FBI file and is not included in the Pop_cri01
value.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Atlas of the United States

Attribute_Definition:

The number of agencies in the county that reported arrests, for the
year 2001.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Atlas of the United States

Attribute_Definition:

The number of agencies in the county that reported crimes, for the
year 2001.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Atlas of the United States

Attribute_Definition:

The total number of Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) Index crimes,
excluding arson, for the year 2001.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Atlas of the United States

Attribute_Definition:

The total number of murders, for the year 2001.  Murder is defined as
the willful (non-negligent) killing of one human being by another.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Atlas of the United States

Attribute_Definition:

The number of murders for the year 2001, normalized by the crime
population for the year 2001.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Atlas of the United States

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

No data available

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:

Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research

Attribute_Definition:

The total number of forcible rapes, for the year 2001.  Forcible rape
is defined as the carnal knowledge of a person, forcibly and (or)
against that person's will; or not forcibly or against the person's
will where the victim is incapable of giving consent.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Atlas of the United States

Attribute_Definition:

The number of rapes for the year 2001, normalized by the crime population
for the year 2001.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Atlas of the United States

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

No data available

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:

Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research

Attribute_Definition:

The total number of robberies, for the year 2001.  Robbery is defined
as the taking, or attempting to take, or anything of value under
confrontational circumstances, by force or threat of force or
violence.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Atlas of the United States

Attribute_Definition:

The number of robberies for the year 2001, normalized by the crime
population for the year 2001.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Atlas of the United States

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

No data available

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:

Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research

Attribute_Definition:

The total number of aggravated assaults, for the year 2001.
Aggravated assault is defined as an attack by one person on another,
where the offender uses a weapon or displays it in a threatening
manner, or where the victim suffers severe bodily injury.  This
includes assault with a disease.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Atlas of the United States

Attribute_Definition:

The number of aggravated assaults for the year 2001, normalized by the
crime population for the year 2001.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Atlas of the United States

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

No data available

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:

Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research

Attribute_Definition:

The total number of burglaries, for the year 2001.  Burglary is
defined as the unlawful entry into a building or other structure with
the intent to commit a felony or a theft.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Atlas of the United States

Attribute_Definition:

The number of burglaries for the year 2001, normalized by the crime
population for the year 2001.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Atlas of the United States

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

No data available

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:

Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research

Attribute_Definition:

The total number of larcenies, for the year 2001.  Larceny is defined
as the unlawful taking of property from another person, and is also
called theft.  Motor vehicle thefts are not included.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Atlas of the United States

Attribute_Definition:

The number of larcenies for the year 2001, normalized by the crime
population for the year 2001.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Atlas of the United States

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

No data available

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:

Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research

Attribute_Definition:

The total number of motor vehicle thefts, for the year 2001.  Motor
vehicle theft is defined as the theft of an automobile, bus,
recreational vehicle, truck, or other motor vehicle.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Atlas of the United States

Attribute_Definition:

The number of motor vehicle thefts for the year 2001, normalized by the
crime population for the year 2001.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Atlas of the United States

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

No data available

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:

Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research

Attribute_Definition:

The total number of arsons, for the year 2001.  Arson is defined as
unlawfully and intentionally damaging or attempting to damage, real or
personal property, by fire or incendiary device.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Atlas of the United States

Attribute_Definition:

The number of arsons for the year 2001, normalized by the crime population
for the year 2001.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Atlas of the United States

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

No data available

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:

Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research

Attribute_Definition:

The four-digit ICPSR identification number for the study number of the
crimes-reported data, for the year 2002.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Atlas of the United States

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

The Study Number is 4009.

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:

Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research

Attribute_Definition:

The edition of the crimes-reported data, for the year 2002.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Atlas of the United States

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

The source was the first edition of the crimes-reported data.

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:

Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research

Attribute_Definition:

The ICPSR sequential case ID number, for the year 2002.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Atlas of the United States

Attribute_Definition:

The population within the county that is served by the agencies
reporting arrests, for the year 2002.  Populations of jurisdictions
that span county lines are allocated by the FBI to the county that
contains the largest proportion of the jurisdiction's population.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Atlas of the United States

Attribute_Definition:

The population within the county that is served by the agencies that
actually reported crime data, for the year 2002.  If all law
enforcement agencies within a county reported crime data, then this
value will be the same as Pop_arr02.  If some agencies did not report,
then the population served by the non-reporting agencies was not
present in the original FBI file and is not included in the Pop_cri02
value.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Atlas of the United States

Attribute_Definition:

The number of agencies in the county that reported arrests, for the
year 2002.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Atlas of the United States

Attribute_Definition:

The number of agencies in the county that reported crimes, for the
year 2002.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Atlas of the United States

Attribute_Definition:

An indication of the proportion of the data that is not estimated, for
the year 2002.  A value of 100 indicates that all agencies in the
county reported for 12 months of the year, and none of the data were
estimated.  A value of 0 indicates that all data for the county are
based on estimates rather than reported data.  The coverage indicator
(CI) for each county is calculated as follows:
>CI = (1-(sum((agency pop/pop_arr02)((12-months reported)/12))))*100
Where agency pop is the population represented by the reporting
agency, and pop_arr02 is the total population for the county (as
defined above).  The value for "months reported" will be 0 for
agencies reporting 1-2 months of data, because any data provided by
these agencies was set to zero and the data were estimated using the
procedure described above.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Atlas of the United States

Attribute_Definition:

The total number of Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) Index crimes,
excluding arson, for the year 2002.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Atlas of the United States

Attribute_Definition:

The total number of murders, for the year 2002.  Murder is defined as
the willful (non-negligent) killing of one human being by another.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Atlas of the United States

Attribute_Definition:

The number of murders for the year 2002, normalized by the crime
population for the year 2002.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Atlas of the United States

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

No data available

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:

Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research

Attribute_Definition:

The total number of forcible rapes, for the year 2002.  Forcible rape
is defined as the carnal knowledge of a person, forcibly and (or)
against that person's will; or not forcibly or against the person's
will where the victim is incapable of giving consent.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Atlas of the United States

Attribute_Definition:

The number of rapes for the year 2002, normalized by the crime population
for the year 2002.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Atlas of the United States

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

No data available

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:

Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research

Attribute_Definition:

The total number of robberies, for the year 2002.  Robbery is defined
as the taking, or attempting to take, or anything of value under
confrontational circumstances, by force or threat of force or
violence.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Atlas of the United States

Attribute_Definition:

The number of robberies for the year 2002, normalized by the crime
population for the year 2002.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Atlas of the United States

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

No data available

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:

Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research

Attribute_Definition:

The total number of aggravated assaults, for the year 2002.
Aggravated assault is defined as an attack by one person on another,
where the offender uses a weapon or displays it in a threatening
manner, or where the victim suffers severe bodily injury.  This
includes assault with a disease.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Atlas of the United States

Attribute_Definition:

The number of aggravated assaults for the year 2002, normalized by the
crime population for the year 2002.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Atlas of the United States

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

No data available

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:

Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research

Attribute_Definition:

The total number of burglaries, for the year 2002.  Burglary is
defined as the unlawful entry into a building or other structure with
the intent to commit a felony or a theft.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Atlas of the United States

Attribute_Definition:

The number of burglaries for the year 2002, normalized by the crime
population for the year 2002.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Atlas of the United States

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

No data available

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:

Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research

Attribute_Definition:

The total number of larcenies, for the year 2002.  Larceny is defined
as the unlawful taking of property from another person, and is also
called theft.  Motor vehicle thefts are not included.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Atlas of the United States

Attribute_Definition:

The number of larcenies for the year 2002, normalized by the crime
population for the year 2002.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Atlas of the United States

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

No data available

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source:

Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research

Attribute_Definition:

The total number of motor vehicle thefts, for the year 2002.  Motor
vehicle theft is defined as the theft of an automobile, bus,
recreational vehicle, truck, or other motor vehicle.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

National Atlas of the United States

Address:

507 National Center

In addition to the address above there are other ESIC offices
throughout the country.  A full list of these offices is at
<http://geography.usgs.gov/esic/esic_index.html>.

Distribution_Liability:

Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system
at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made by
the U.S. Geological Survey regarding the utility of the data on any other
system, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty.
No responsibility is assumed by the U.S. Geological Survey in the use of
these data.

Address:

115 Land and Water building

Distribution_Liability:

The USER shall indemnify, save harmless, and, if requested, defend those parties involved with the development and distribution of this data, their officers, agents, and employees from and against any suits, claims, or actions for injury, death, or property damage arising out of the use of or any defect in the FILES or any accompanying documentation. Those parties involved with the development and distribution excluded any and all implied warranties, including warranties or merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose and makes no warranty or representation, either express or implied, with respect to the FILES or accompanying documentation, including its quality, performance, merchantability, or fitness for a particular purpose. The FILES and documentation are provided "as is" and the USER assumes the entire risk as to its quality and performance. Those parties involved with the development and distribution of this data will not be liable for any direct, indirect, special, incidental, or consequential damages arising out of the use or inability to use the FILES or any accompanying documentation.

Address:

12201 Sunrise Valley Drive

Pennsylvania Crime 2002