NLCD2011 USFS Percent Tree Canopy (Cartographic Version)

• Identification_Information
• Data_Quality_Information
• Spatial_Data_Organization_Information
• Spatial_Reference_Information
• Entity_and_Attribute_Information
• Distribution_Information
• Distributor 1
• Distribution_Information
• Metadata_Reference_Information

Identification_Information:

Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator:U.S. Geological Survey

Publication_Date:20140331

Title:

NLCD2011 USFS Percent Tree Canopy (Cartographic Version)

Edition:2011

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form:remote-sensing image

Series_Information:

Series_Name:None

Issue_Identification:None

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place:Sioux Falls, SD

Publisher:U.S. Geological Survey

Other_Citation_Details:

References: Benton et al., (In Preparation). A strategy for estimating tree canopy cover using Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper (TM) images over large areas. Brand, Gary J.; Nelson, Mark D.; Wendt, Daniel G.; Nimerfro, Kevin K. 2000. The hexagon/panel system for selecting FIA plots under an annual inventory. In: McRoberts, Ronald E.; Reams, Gregory A.; Van Deusen, Paul C., eds. Proceedings of the First Annual Forest Inventory and Analysis Symposium; Gen. Tech. Rep. NC-213. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Research Station: 8-13. Breiman, L. 2001. Random forests. Machine Learning 45:15–32. Chander, G.; Markham, B.L.; Helder, D.L. 2009. Summary of current radiometric calibration coefficients for Landsat MSS, TM, ETM+, and EO-1 ALI sensors. Remote Sensing of Environment 113(2009): 893-903. Chavez, P.S. 1988. An improved dark-object subtraction technique for atmospheric scattering correction of multispectral data. Remote Sensing of Environment 24(1988): 459-479. Coulston, John W.; Jacobs, Dennis M.; King, Chris R.; Elmore, Ivey C. 2013. The influence of multi-season imagery on models of canopy cover: a case study. Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing 79(5):469–477. Coulston, John W.; Moisen, Gretchen G.; Wilson, Barry T.; Finco, Mark V.; Cohen, Warren B.; Brewer, C. Kenneth. 2012. Modeling percent tree canopy cover: a pilot study. Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing 78(7): 715–727. Cutler, R.D.; Edwards, T.C.; Beard, K.H.; Cutler, A.; Hess, K.T.; Gibson, J.; Lawler, J.J. 2007. Random forest for classification in ecology. Ecology 88 (11):2783-2792. Huang, C.; Yang, L.; Wylie, B.; Homer, C. 2001. A strategy for estimating tree canopy density using Landsat 7 ETM+ and high resolution images over large areas. In: Third International Conference on Geospatial Information in Agriculture and Forestry; November 5-7, 2001; Denver, Colorado. CD-ROM, 1 disk. Moisen, Gretchen G.; Coulston, John W.; Wilson, Barry T.; Cohen, Warren B.; Finco, Mark V. 2012. Choosing appropriate subpopulations for modeling tree canopy cover nationwide. In: McWilliams, Will; Roesch, Francis A., eds. 2012. Monitoring Across Borders: 2010 Joint Meeting of the Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) Symposium and the Southern Mensurationists. e-Gen. Tech. Rep. SRS-157. Asheville, NC: US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station: 195-200. Tipton, John; Moisen, Gretchen; Patterson, Paul; Jackson, Thomas A.; Coulston, John. 2012. Sampling intensity and normalizations: Exploring cost-driving factors in nationwide mapping of tree canopy cover. In: McWilliams, Will; Roesch, Francis A., eds. 2012. Monitoring Across Borders: 2010 Joint Meeting of the Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) Symposium and the Southern Mensurationists. e-Gen. Tech. Rep. SRS-157. Asheville, NC: US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station: 201-208. Zhu, Z.; Woodcock, C.E. 2012. Object-based cloud and cloud shadow detection in Landsat imagery. Remote Sensing of Environment. 118(2012): 83-94.

Online_Linkage: http://www.mrlc.gov

Description:

Abstract:

The National Land Cover Database 2011 (NLCD2011) USFS percent tree canopy product was produced through a cooperative project conducted by the Multi-Resolution Land Characteristics (MRLC) Consortium (www.mrlc.gov). The MRLC Consortium is a partnership of federal agencies, consisting of the U.S. Geological Survey, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) National Agricultural Statistics Service, the U.S. Forest Service, the National Park Service, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the Bureau of Land Management, NASA, and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. One of the primary goals of the project was to generate current, consistent, and seamless national land cover, percent tree canopy, and percent impervious cover at medium spatial resolution. This product is the cartographic version of the NLCD2011 percent tree canopy cover dataset for CONUS at medium spatial resolution (30 m). It was produced by the USDA Forest Service Remote Sensing Applications Center (RSAC). Tree canopy values range from 0 to 100 percent. The analytic tree canopy layer was produced using a Random Forests™ regression algorithm. The cartographic product is a filtered version of the regression algorithm output

Purpose:

The goal of this project is to provide the Nation with complete, current and consistent public domain information on its tree canopy cover.

Supplemental_Information:

Corner Coordinates (center of pixel, meters): upper left: -2362845 (X), 3180555(Y); lower right: 2266440 (X), 251175 (Y).

Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Range_of_Dates/Times:

Beginning_Date:20070101

Ending_Date:20111111

Currentness_Reference:

ground condition

Status:

Progress:In work

Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency:Every 5 years

Spatial_Domain:

Bounding_Coordinates:

West_Bounding_Coordinate:-130.232828

East_Bounding_Coordinate:-63.672192

North_Bounding_Coordinate:52.877264

South_Bounding_Coordinate:21.742308

Keywords:

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus:NGDA Portfolio Themes

Theme_Keyword:NGDA

Theme_Keyword:National Geospatial Data Asset

Theme_Keyword:Land Use Land Cover Theme

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus:None

Theme_Keyword:Land cover

Theme_Keyword:Image processing

Theme_Keyword:GIS

Theme_Keyword:U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)

Theme_Keyword:digital spatial data

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus:ISO 19115 Category

Theme_Keyword:ImageryBaseMapEarthCover

Theme_Keyword:010

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus:U.S. Department of Commerce, 1995, (Countries, dependencies, areas of special sovereignty, and their principal administrative divisions, Federal Information Processing Standard 10-4): Washington, D.C., National Institute of Standards and Technology

Theme_Keyword:United States

Theme_Keyword:U.S.

Theme_Keyword:US

Access_Constraints:None

Use_Constraints:

None

Point_of_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization:U.S. Geological Survey

Contact_Position:Customer Services Representative

Contact_Address:

Address_Type:mailing and physical address

Address:

USGS EROS

Address:

47914 252nd Street

City:Sioux Falls

State_or_Province:SD

Postal_Code:57198-0001

Country:USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone:605/594-6151

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone:605/594-6589

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address:custserv@usgs.gov

Hours_of_Service:0800 - 1600 CT, M - F (-6h CST/-5h CDT GMT)

Contact Instructions:

The USGS point of contact is for questions relating to the data display and download from this web site.  For questions regarding data content and quality, refer to:
http://www.mrlc.gov/mrlc2k.asp or email:  mrlc@usgs.gov

Data_Set_Credit:

U.S. Geological Survey

Security_Information:

Security_Classification_System:None

Security_Classification:Unclassified

Security_Handling_Description:N/A

Native_Data_Set_Environment:

Microsoft Windows 7 Version 6.1 (Build 7601: Service Pack 1); ESRI ArcCatalog 9.3.1.4000 (Service Pack 2)

Data_Quality_Information:

Attribute_Accuracy:

Attribute_Accuracy_Report:

No formal independent accuracy assessment of this product has been made. The Random Forests™ regression algorithm (Breiman 2001; Cutler et al. 2007) employed in creating this product calculates the mean of squared residuals along with percent variability explained by the model for assessing prediction reliability. The Random Forests™ models consisted of 500 decision trees, which were used to determine the final response value. The response of each tree depended on a randomly chosen subset of predictor variables chosen independently (with replacement) for evaluation by that tree. The responses of the trees were averaged to obtain an estimate of the dependent variable. The standard error is the square root of the variance of the estimates given by all trees. A summary of the Random Forests™ models is available in the supplemental metadata associated with the analytic version of this product.

Quantitative_Attribute_Accuracy_Assessment:

Attribute_Accuracy_Value:Unknown

Attribute_Accuracy_Explanation:

This document and the described land cover map are considered "provisional" until a formal accuracy assessment is completed.  The U.S. Geological Survey can make no guarantee as to the accuracy or completeness of this information, and it is provided with the understanding that it is not guaranteed to be correct or complete. Conclusions drawn from this information are the responsibility of the user.

Logical_Consistency_Report:

The NLCD 2011 final seamless products include:  1) NLCD 2011 Land Cover; 2) NLCD 2011 Percent Developed Imperviousness; 3) NLCD 2006/2011 Change Pixels labeled with the 2011 land cover class; 4) NLCD 2006/2011 Percent Developed Imperviousness Change and 5) NLCD 2011 Tree Canopy Cover.

Completeness_Report:

This NLCD product is the version dated October 10, 2014.

Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:

N/A

Vertical_Positional_Accuracy:

Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report:

N/A

Lineage:

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Creation of NLCD2011 USFS Percent Tree Canopy, cartographic version. The cartographic version of the percent tree canopy product is a filtered version of the corresponding analytic product, in which values less than a calculated uncertainty have been set to zero. In essence, the filtering process reduces errors of commission by eliminating values that are not significantly different from zero. A threshold value was determined for each of 68 geographic zones using data from 500 runs of the Random Forest™ algorithm on bootstrap samples. From these data, t-statistics were calculated. For each zone, the t-statistic at the 95th interval was selected as the threshold value. Threshold values ranged from 0.5 to 1.6. To create the cartographic layer, the product of the t-statistic threshold value and the standard error from the analytic layer was compared to the analytic percent tree canopy value. If the threshold-error product was greater than the percent tree canopy, the tree canopy value for that pixel was set to zero in the cartographic layer; otherwise, the percent tree canopy from the analytic layer was used.

Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation:

Landsat ETM, Landsat TM, DEM, USGS/EROS

Process_Date:Unknown

Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation:

USGS National Land Cover Database

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Process Step for NLCD 2011 (amended 2014): 
The release in 2014 of amended versions of land cover for 2001, 2006, and 2011 was made to correct for unintended differences between the impervious dataset and the four land cover developed classes (Open Space, Low Intensity, Medium Intensity, and High Intensity). NLCD developed classes are tied directly to the impervious product values.  However, the land cover product Minimum Mapping Unit (MMU) is five pixels whereas the impervious product MMU is single pixel.  This MMU difference creates problems when the impervious single pixel MMU product is directly crosswalked into the 5-pixel MMU land cover developed classes.  The smoothing process, which generalizes the land cover product to a 5-pixel MMU, can create small areas which are no longer directly represented in the imperviousness product because they are artifacts of the smoothing.  Since these changes are not real and not present in the impervious layer, the new version removes these artifacts and re-establishes the direct linkage between the imperviousness and land cover products for any developed area.  Combined developed areas (all developed classes combined into a group) in the land cover product must still meet the 5-pixel MMU threshold; however, the four NLCD land cover individual developed classes within the group patch are now represented by a single pixel MMU to retain the direct linkage to the imperviousness product.

Process_Date:Unknown

Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:

Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method:Raster

Raster_Object_Information:

Raster_Object_Type:Pixel

Row_Count:104424

Column_Count:161190

Vertical_Count:1

Spatial_Reference_Information:

Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:

Planar:

Map_Projection:

Map_Projection_Name:Albers Conical Equal Area

Albers_Conical_Equal_Area:

Albers Conical Equal Area

Standard_Parallel:29.500000

Standard_Parallel:45.500000

Longitude_of_Central_Meridian:-96.000000

Latitude_of_Projection_Origin:23.000000

False_Easting:0.000000

False_Northing:0.000000

Planar_Coordinate_Information:

Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method:row and column

Coordinate_Representation:

Abscissa_Resolution:30.000000

Ordinate_Resolution:30.000000

Planar_Distance_Units:meters

Geodetic_Model:

Horizontal_Datum_Name:North American Datum of 1983

Ellipsoid_Name:Geodetic Reference System 80

Semi-major_Axis:6378137.000000

Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio:298.257222

Entity_and_Attribute_Information:

Detailed_Description:

Entity_Type:

Entity_Type_Label:nlcd2011_usfs_treecanopy_cartographic_3-31-2014.img.vat

Entity_Type_Definition:

NLCD Tree Canopy Layer

Entity_Type_Definition_Source:

National Land Cover Database 2011

Attribute:

Attribute_Label:ObjectID

Attribute_Definition:

Internal feature number

Attribute_Definition_Source:

ESRI

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain:

Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.

Attribute:

Attribute_Label:Value

Attribute_Definition:

Percent Imperviousness

Attribute_Definition_Source:

NLCD 2011

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum:0

Range_Domain_Maximum:100

Attribute_Units_of_Measure:percentage

Attribute_Measurement_Resolution:0.1

Attribute:

Attribute_Label:Count

Attribute_Definition:

A nominal integer value that designates the number of pixels that have each value in the file; histogram column in ERDAS Imagine raster attributes table

Attribute_Definition_Source:

NLCD 2011

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain:

Integer

Attribute:

Attribute_Label:Red

Attribute_Definition:

Red color code for RGB slice by value for imperviousness image display purposes.  The value is arbitrarily assigned by the display software package, unless defined by user.  Standard user defined ramp for NLCD project is start color light gray, end color red.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

NLCD 2011

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum:0

Range_Domain_Maximum:100

Attribute_Units_of_Measure:CSS Color Value Percentage

Attribute_Measurement_Resolution:0.1

Attribute:

Attribute_Label:Green

Attribute_Definition:

Green color code for RGB slice by value for imperviousness image display purposes.  The value is arbitrarily assigned by the display software package, unless defined by user.  Standard user defined ramp for NLCD project is start color light gray, end color red.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

NLCD 2011

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum:0

Range_Domain_Maximum:100

Attribute_Units_of_Measure:CSS Color Value Percentage

Attribute_Measurement_Resolution:0.1

Attribute:

Attribute_Label:Blue

Attribute_Definition:

Blue color code for RGB slice by value for imperviousness image display purposes.  The value is arbitrarily assigned by the display software package, unless defined by user.  Standard user defined ramp for NLCD project is start color light gray, end color red.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

NLCD 2011

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum:0

Range_Domain_Maximum:100

Attribute_Units_of_Measure:CSS Color Value Percentage

Attribute_Measurement_Resolution:0.1

Attribute:

Attribute_Label:Opacity

Attribute_Definition:

A measure of how opaque, or solid, a color is displayed in a layer.

Attribute_Definition_Source:

NLCD 2011

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum:0

Range_Domain_Maximum:100

Attribute_Units_of_Measure:Percentage

Attribute_Measurement_Resolution:0.1

Overview_Description:

Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:

Imperviousness Attributes

Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation:

Attributes defined by USGS and ESRI.

Distribution_Information:

Distributor:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization:U.S. Geological Survey

Contact_Position:Customer Service Representative

Contact_Address:

Address_Type:mailing and physical address

Address:

USGS EROS

Address:

47914 252nd Street

City:Sioux Falls

State_or_Province:SD

Postal_Code:57198-0001

Country:USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone:605/594-6151

Contact_TDD/TTY_Telephone:605/594-6933

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone:605/594-6589

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address:custserv@usgs.gov

Hours_of_Service:0800 - 1600 CT, M - F (-6h CST/-5h CDT GMT)

Contact Instructions:

The USGS point of contact is for questions relating to the data display and download from this web site.  Questions about the NLCD 2011 Percent Developed Imperviousness (2011 Edition) can be directed to the NLCD 2011 land cover mapping team at USGS EROS, Sioux Falls, SD (605) 594-6151 or mrlc@usgs.gov.

Resource_Description:Downloadable data

Distribution_Liability:

Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the USGS, no warranty expressed or implied is made by the USGS regarding the use of the data on any other system, nor does the act of distribution constitute any such warranty.  Data may have been compiled from various outside sources.  Spatial information may not meet National Map Accuracy Standards.  This information may be updated without notification. The USGS shall not be liable for any activity involving these data, installation, fitness of the data for a particular purpose, its use, or analyses results.

Standard_Order_Process:

Digital_Form:

Digital_Transfer_Information:

Format_Name:ERDAS

Format_Version_Number:Imagine 9.3

Format_Specification:

.img

Transfer_Size:709

Digital_Transfer_Option:

Online_Option:

Computer_Contact_Information:

Network_Address:

Network_Resource_Name: http://www.mrlc.gov

Access_Instructions:

The URL http://www.mrlc.gov provides a download interface that allows for data downloads. The download page allows the customer to download a zipped file that can be saved on the customer's computer. The file can then be unzipped and imported into various user software applications.

Online_Computer_and_Operating_System:

Not available for dissemination

Fees:None

Ordering_Instructions:

Contact Customer Services

Turnaround:Variable

Custom_Order_Process:

Contact Customer Services Representative

Technical_Prerequisites:

ESRI ArcMap Suite and/or Arc/Info software, and supporting operating systems.

Distribution_Information:

Distributor:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Organization:Pennsylvania Spatial Data Access (PASDA)

Contact_Address:

Address_Type:mailing address

Address:

115 Land and Water building

City:University Park

State_or_Province:Pennsylvania

Postal_Code:16802

Country:United States

Contact_Voice_Telephone:(814) 865 - 8792

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address:pasda@psu.edu

Distribution_Liability:

The USER shall indemnify, save harmless, and, if requested, defend those parties involved with the development and distribution of this data, their officers, agents, and employees from and against any suits, claims, or actions for injury, death, or property damage arising out of the use of or any defect in the FILES or any accompanying documentation. Those parties involved with the development and distribution excluded any and all implied warranties, including warranties or merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose and makes no warranty or representation, either express or implied, with respect to the FILES or accompanying documentation, including its quality, performance, merchantability, or fitness for a particular purpose. The FILES and documentation are provided "as is" and the USER assumes the entire risk as to its quality and performance. Those parties involved with the development and distribution of this data will not be liable for any direct, indirect, special, incidental, or consequential damages arising out of the use or inability to use the FILES or any accompanying documentation.

Metadata_Reference_Information:

Metadata_Date:20141205

Metadata_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization:U.S. Geological Survey

Contact_Person:Customer Service Representative

Contact_Position:Customer Services Representative

Contact_Address:

Address_Type:mailing and physical address

Address:

USGS EROS

Address:

47914 252nd Street

City:Sioux Falls

State_or_Province:SD

Postal_Code:57198-0001

Country:USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone:605/594-6151

Contact_TDD/TTY_Telephone:605/594-6933

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone:605/594-6589

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address:custserv@usgs.gov

Hours_of_Service:0800 - 1600 CT, M - F (-6h CST/-5h CDT GMT)

Metadata_Standard_Name:FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata

Metadata_Standard_Version:FGDC-STD-001-1998

Metadata_Time_Convention:local time

Metadata_Extensions:

Online_Linkage: http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html

Profile_Name:ESRI Metadata Profile