National Agricultural Imagery Program ( 0.6 meter resolution) 2022


Identification_Information:
Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator:Surdex Corporation
Publication_Date:2022
Title:
National Agricultural Imagery Program ( 0.6 meter resolution) 2022
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form:Remote Sensing Image
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place:Salt Lake City, Utah
Publisher:USDA-FSA Aerial Photography Field Office
Description:
Abstract:
This data set contains imagery from the National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP). The NAIP program is administered by USDA FSA and has been established to support two main FSA strategic goals centered on agricultural production. These are, increase stewardship of America's natural resources while enhancing the environment, and to ensure commodities are procured and distributed effectively and efficiently to increase food security. The NAIP program supports these goals by acquiring and providing ortho imagery that has been collected during the agricultural growing season in the U.S. The NAIP ortho imagery is tailored to meet FSA requirements and is a fundamental tool used to support FSA farm and conservation programs. Ortho imagery provides an effective, intuitive means of communication about farm program administration between FSA and stakeholders. New technology and innovation is identified by fostering and maintaining a relationship with vendors and government partners, and by keeping pace with the broader geospatial community. As a result of these efforts the NAIP program provides three main products: DOQQ tiles, Compressed County Mosaics (CCM), and Seamline shape files. The Contract specifications for NAIP imagery have changed over time reflecting agency requirements and improving technologies. These changes include image resolution, horizontal accuracy, coverage area, and number of bands. In general, flying seasons are established by FSA and are targeted for peak crop growing conditions. The NAIP acquisition cycle is based on a minimum 3 year refresh of base ortho imagery. The tiling format of the NAIP imagery is based on a 3.75' x 3.75' quarter quadrangle with a 300 pixel buffer on all four sides. NAIP quarter quads are formatted to the UTM coordinate system using the North American Datum of 1983. NAIP imagery may contain as much as 10% cloud cover per tile.
Purpose:
NAIP imagery is available for distribution within 60 days of the end of a flying season and is intended to provide current information of agricultural conditions in support of USDA farm programs. For USDA Farm Service Agency, the 60 centimeter GSD product provides an ortho image base for Common Land Unit boundaries and other data sets. The NAIP imagery is generally acquired in projects covering full states in cooperation with state government and other federal agencies that use the imagery for a variety of purposes including land use planning and natural resource assessment. The NAIP is also used for disaster response. While suitable for a variety of uses, prior to 2007 the 2 meter GSD NAIP imagery was primarily intended to assess "crop condition and compliance" to USDA farm program conditions. The 2 meter imagery was generally acquired only for agricultural areas within state projects.
Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date:20221005
Currentness_Reference:
ground condition
Status:
Progress:Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency:Irregular
Spatial_Domain:
Bounding_Coordinates:
West_Bounding_Coordinate:-75.941400
East_Bounding_Coordinate:-75.870650
North_Bounding_Coordinate:39.941209
South_Bounding_Coordinate:39.871784
Keywords:
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus:None
Theme_Keyword:Farming
Theme_Keyword:Digital Ortho Rectified Image
Theme_Keyword:Ortho Rectification
Theme_Keyword:Quarter Quadrangle
Theme_Keyword:NAIP
Theme_Keyword:Aerial Compliance
Theme_Keyword:Compliance
Place:
Place_Keyword_Thesaurus:Geographic Names Information System
Place_Keyword:PA
Place_Keyword:USA
Access_Constraints:There are no limitations for access.
Use_Constraints:
None. The USDA-FSA Aerial Photography Field Office asks to be credited in derived products.
Point_of_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization:USDA-FSA Aerial Photography Field Office
Contact_Address:
Address_Type:mailing and physical
Address:
125 S. State Street Suite 6416
City:Salt Lake City
State_or_Province:UT
Postal_Code:84138
Country:USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone:801-844-2922
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone:801-956-3653
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address:apfo.sales@slc.usda.gov
Hours_of_Service:Monday through Friday 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM
Browse_Graphic:
Browse_Graphic_File_Name: None
Browse_Graphic_File_Description:
None
Browse_Graphic_File_Type:None
Native_Data_Set_Environment:
Xpro 6.4; ArcGIS 10.4.1
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Data_Quality_Information:
Logical_Consistency_Report:
NAIP 3.75 minute tile file names are based on the USGS quadrangle naming convention.
Completeness_Report:
None
Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:
NAIP horizontal accuracy specifications have evolved over the life of the program. From 2003 to 2004 the specifications were as follows: 1-meter GSD imagery was to match within 3-meters, and 2-meter GSD to match within 10 meters of reference imagery. For 2005 the 1-meter GSD specification was changed to 5 meters matching the reference imagery. In 2006 a pilot project was performed using true ground specifications rather than reference imagery. All states used the same specifications as 2005 except Utah, which required a match of +/- 6 meters to true ground. In 2007 all specifications were the same as 2006 except Arizona used true ground specifications and all other states used reference imagery. In 2008 and subsequent years no 2-meter GSD imagery was acquired and all specifications were the same as 2007 except approximately half of the states acquired used true ground specifications and the other half used reference imagery. The 2008 states that used absolute ground control were; Indiana, Minnesota, New Hampshire, North Carolina, Texas, Vermont, and Virginia. Beginning in 2009, all NAIP imagery acquisitions used the +/- 6 meters to ground and in 2016 the specification was changed to +/- 4 meters to true ground.
Quantitative_Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Assessment:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Value:4.0
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Explanation:
This product as a whole meets 4m CE95 or better positional accuracy RMSEr.
Lineage:
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
          DOQQ Production Process Description; 
          USDA FSA APFO NAIP Program 2022;
                              
          The imagery was collected using the following digital sensors:
          Leica ADS-100 (Serial Number 10530), 
          Leica ADS-100 (Serial Number 10510),
          Leica ADS-100 (Serial Number 10515),
          Leica ADS-100 (Serial Number 10522),
          Leica ADS-100 (Serial Number 10552) 
         											  
          with Flight and Sensor Control Management 
          System (FCMS) firmware:
          v4.57, 

          Cameras are calibrated radiometrically and geometrically
          by the manufacturer and are all certified by the USGS.
          
          Collection was performed using a combination of the 
          following twin-engine aircraft with turbines flying 
          at 27,100 ft above mean terrain.
          
          Plane types:
          C441, C414

          Tail numbers:
          N441EH, 
	      N414EH,			  
          N440EH,
          N441FS,
          N2NQ,	  

          With these flying heights, there is a 27% sidelap, 
          giving the collected data nominal ground sampling distance 
          of 0.60 meters. 
          
          Based-upon the CCD Array configuration present in 
          the ADS digital sensor, imagery for each flight 
          line is 20,000-pixels in width. Red, Green, Blue, 
          Near-Infrared and Panchromatic image bands were collected.
          
          The ADS 100 has the following band specifications:
          Red 619-651,
          Green 525-585,
          Blue 435-495,
          Near Infrared 808-882,
          all values are in nanometers.
          
                                                                                
	        Flight planning was performed in Leica MissionPro over a              
	        buffered boundary covering DOQQ extents provided by the USDA.         
	        A 500m reduced resolution DEM file was used to determine              
	        ground heights. A targeted flight altitude of approximately           
	        27,000 feet above ground level for native 60cm image                  
          acquisition with sidelap of 27% was used                              
	        for flight planning parameters. Four Cessna Conquests were utilized
	        for acquisition, the seamline              
	        shapefile clarifies which aircraft were used for a given area.        
	                                                                              
	        All aircraft were equipped with Leica                                 
	        ADS100 systems where utilized for data                                
	        capture. The Leica ADS100 pushbroom sensor                            
	        has been calibrated by the manufacturer as well as validated          
	        against a local calibration range.  The calibration includes          
	        measuring the radiometric and geometric properties of the             
          camera.  These data are used in the Post Processing Software          
	        to eliminate the radiometric and geometric distortion.                
	        All aerial imagery was collected with associated GPS/IMU              
	        data.  ADS collection requires high quality IMU data for              
	        processing and was critical for early access hosting of digital       
	        data to the web for USDA interim access and review.                   
	                                                                              
	        After early access web delivery was complete, all                     
	        imagery was triangulated using Leica XPro in which                    
	        the airborne GPS data was constrained to expected limits.             
	        To validate the accuracy of the block adjustment derived from         
	        GPS/IMU, sensor parameters and conjugate point measurements,          
	        photo identifiable ground control points were field surveyed within   
          each State.  These points were surveyed using GPS techniques to       
	        produce coordinates that are accurate to +/- 0.25 meters RMSE in XYZ. 
	        The GPS surveying techniques utilized assured that the coordinates   
	        are derived in the required project datum and relative to an approved 
          National Reference System.  If the block does not fit the             
	        control points within specifications the pass and tie                 
	        points were reviewed for blunders and weak areas.  If,                
          after these corrections were made, the block still                    
	        does not fit the control well the GPS and IMU processing were         
	        reviewed.  Once the block has proper statistics and fits the          
	        control to specifications, the final bundle adjustment was            
	        made.  As AT points are frequently on man-made and other              
	        vertical features not included in the DEM, these ortho                
	        points can only be used to indicate regions of error by the           
	        clusters of points that predict excessive horizontal displacement.    
	                                                                              
          The final adjustments assure a high quality relative adjustment       
	        and a high quality absolute adjustment limited to the                 
	        airborne GPS data accuracy. This process assures the final            
	        absolute accuracy of all geopositioned imagery.  Both                 
	        signalized and photo identified ground control were used to           
	        QC and control the IMU/GPS based aerial triangulation bundle          
	        block solution.  Surdex Grouping Tool provides real-time updates      
	        of the USDA APFO Image Metrics.  The image technician adjusts         
	        image correction parameters to bring the radiometric                  
	        characteristics of large groups of images within the Image            
	        Metrics ranges. For each project area the highest resolution          
	        DEM or LiDAR was obtained and utilized for rectification of captured  
	        imagery.                                                             
	                                                                              
	        A visual inspection of the final DEM using color cycled               
	        classification by elevation and a shaded relief was performed         
	        to check for gaps, corruption and gross errors.                       
	        The predicted horizontal error for each                               
	        point was added as an attribute in the SURDEX enterprise              
	        database.  An operator reviews ortho seams                            
	        in areas these predicted errors indicate horizontal error in          
	        excess of the contract specifications.  Any imagery errors            
	        introduced by source DEM required patching from an alternate          
	        perspective or strip of photography.                                  
	        Processing hardware used included various brands of survey grade      
	        GPS receivers, various brands and models of computers,                
	        RAID6 storage, calibrated monitors, various brands of monitor         
	        calibration colorimeters. Leica XPro was used for post                
	        processing of ADS pushbroom data, triangulation and                   
	        orthorectification.  SURDEX software was used to color correct        
	        and remove bidirectional reflectance, vignetting and other            
	        illumination trends.  USDA APFO Image Metrics are measured and        
	        images corrected to conform to the Image Metrics using                
	        SURDEX software.  GPS/IMU data was reduced to projected               
	        coordinates in the appropriate UTM zone using                         
	        Inertial Explorer software from Novatel. Aerial Triangulation         
	        and orthorectification was performed using Leica XPro. SURDEX         
	        software was used to adjust for minor radiometric                     
	        variation between adjacent images.  SURDEX software was used          
	        to calculate the optimal seam path, check seam topology and           
	        create master tiles.  SURDEX ortho software generates                 
	        occlusion/smear polygons used during seam review                      
	        of steep terrain.  SURDEX software was used to                        
	        visually inspect master tiles for seam and image defects.             
	        SURDEX software was used to project and cut final DOQQ image          
	        files from masters.  SURDEX software was used to create CCM           
	        metadata.  Lizardtech GeoExpress version 10.0.0.511 was used          
	        to create the CCM image file.  SURDEX software was                    
	        used to perform final formatting, QC and naming of the DOQQ.          
	        USGS metadata parser software was used to validate the metadata.      
	        Various versions of Microsoft Windows were used in all phases of      
	        production. Grouping Tool was used again after DOQQ and CCM           
	        production to provide a quality assurance check. Individual           
	        DOQQ and CCM may not meet the USDA APFO Image Metrics ranges          
	        due to land cover.  The goal is to have the state as a                
	        whole meet the Image Metrics. All products are reviewed               
	        by independent personnel prior to delivery.                           
	        The delivery is checked for omissions, commissions,                   
	        naming, formatting, specification compliance and data integrity.      
        
Process_Date:20221108
Process_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person:None
Contact_Organization:USDA-FSA Aerial Photography Field Office
Contact_Address:
Address_Type:mailing and physical
Address:
125 S. State Street Suite 6416
City:Salt Lake City
State_or_Province:UT
Postal_Code:84138
Country:USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone:801-844-2922
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone:801-956-3653
Hours_of_Service:Monday through Friday 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM
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Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method:Raster
Raster_Object_Information:
Raster_Object_Type:Pixel
Row_Count:12743
Column_Count:9951
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Spatial_Reference_Information:
Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
Planar:
Grid_Coordinate_System:
Grid_Coordinate_System_Name:Universal Transverse Mercator
Universal_Transverse_Mercator:
UTM_Zone_Number:18
Transverse_Mercator:
Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian:0.9996
Longitude_of_Central_Meridian:-75.0
Latitude_of_Projection_Origin:0.0
False_Easting:500000
False_Northing:0.0
Planar_Coordinate_Information:
Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method:row and column
Coordinate_Representation:
Abscissa_Resolution:0.6
Ordinate_Resolution:0.6
Planar_Distance_Units:meters
Geodetic_Model:
Horizontal_Datum_Name:NAD 1983
Ellipsoid_Name:Geodetic Reference System 80
Semi-major_Axis:6378137.0
Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio:298.257222101
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Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
Overview_Description:
Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
8-bit pixels per band, 0-255, 4-band RGBiR
Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation:
None
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Distribution_Information:
Distributor:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person:Supervisor Customer Services Section
Contact_Organization:USDA-FSA Aerial Photography Field Office
Contact_Address:
Address_Type:mailing and physical
Address:
125 S. State Street Suite 6416
City:Salt Lake City
State_or_Province:UT
Postal_Code:84138
Country:USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone:801-844-2922
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone:801-956-3653
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address:apfo.sales@slc.usda.gov
Resource_Description:DOQQs
Distribution_Liability:
In no event shall the creators, custodians, or distributors of this information be liable for any damages arising out of its use (or the inability to use it).
Standard_Order_Process:
Digital_Form:
Digital_Transfer_Information:
Format_Name:Digital Orthorectified Quarter Quad
Format_Information_Content:
Digital Orthoimagery
Digital_Transfer_Option:
Offline_Option:
Offline_Media:CD-ROM
Recording_Format:ISO 9660 Mode 1 Level 2 Extensions
Offline_Option:
Offline_Media:DVD-R
Recording_Format:ISO 9660
Offline_Option:
Offline_Media:USB Hard Disk
Recording_Format:NTFS
Offline_Option:
Offline_Media:Thumbdrive USB
Recording_Format:NTFS
Fees:Contact the USDA-FSA Aerial Photography Field Office for information.
Ordering_Instructions:
Contact the USDA-FSA Aerial Photography Field Office for information.
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Distribution_Information:
Distributor:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization:Pennsylvania Spatial Data Access (PASDA)
Contact_Address:
Address_Type:mailing and physical address
Address:
115 Land and Water Building
City:University Park
State_or_Province:Pennsylvania
Postal_Code:16802
Country:United States
Contact_Voice_Telephone:(814) 865 - 8792
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address:pasda@psu.edu
Distribution_Liability:
The USER shall indemnify, save harmless, and, if requested, defend those parties involved with the development and distribution of this data, their officers, agents, and employees from and against any suits, claims, or actions for injury, death, or property damage arising out of the use of or any defect in the FILES or any accompanying documentation. Those parties involved with the development and distribution excluded any and all implied warranties, including warranties or merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose and makes no warranty or representation, either express or implied, with respect to the FILES or accompanying documentation, including its quality, performance, merchantability, or fitness for a particular purpose. The FILES and documentation are provided "as is" and the USER assumes the entire risk as to its quality and performance. Those parties involved with the development and distribution of this data will not be liable for any direct, indirect, special, incidental, or consequential damages arising out of the use or inability to use the FILES or any accompanying documentation.
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Metadata_Reference_Information:
Metadata_Date:20221108
Metadata_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization:USDA-FSA Aerial Photography Field Office
Contact_Address:
Address_Type:mailing and physical
Address:
125 S. State Street Suite 6416
City:Salt Lake City
State_or_Province:UT
Postal_Code:84138
Country:USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone:801-844-2922
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone:801-956-3653
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address:apfo.sales@slc.usda.gov
Hours_of_Service:Monday through Friday 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM
Metadata_Standard_Name:FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata
Metadata_Standard_Version:FGDC-STD-001-1998
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